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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 39(1): 217-222, 2022 Feb 09.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34881636

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Head and neck cancer patients are a population at permanent nutritional risk. In addition to the presence of the tumour, the reason for this is the tumour's location, which affects all structures involved in the swallowing process. The side effects of the oncological treatments they must receive during the course of their illness-surgery, chemo-radiotherapy, etc.-only further burden an already precarious nutritional status. For all these reasons, it is essential that, from the diagnosis of their disease, a multidisciplinary team including specialists in dietetics and nutrition supervises them.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Los enfermos con cáncer de cabeza y cuello son una población en riesgo nutricional permanente. El motivo es, además de la presencia del tumor, la localización del mismo, que afecta a todas las estructuras implicadas en la deglución. Los efectos secundarios de los tratamientos oncológicos que deben recibir en el transcurso de su enfermedad ­cirugía, quimio-radioterapia, etc.­ no hacen sino gravar más aun un estado nutricional ya de por sí precario. Por todo ello es imprescindible que, desde el diagnóstico de su enfermedad, estén supervisados por un equipo multidisciplinar con especialistas en dietética y nutrición.


Assuntos
Dietética , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Deglutição , Nutrição Enteral , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Humanos , Estado Nutricional
2.
Endocrinol. diabetes nutr. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(9): 555-562, nov. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184378

RESUMO

Introducción: La prevalencia de la desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad en el hospital varía del 20 al 50%. La utilización de herramientas de cribado debe ser el primer paso en la prevención y el tratamiento de los pacientes en riesgo de desnutrición o desnutridos. Objetivos: Implantar un método de cribado nutricional al ingreso en el ámbito de un hospital terciario. Métodos: La Unidad de Nutrición elaboró un protocolo de detección precoz del riesgo nutricional y eligió el NRS 2002 como herramienta de cribado. El protocolo fue aprobado por la Comisión de Protocolos y Procedimientos del hospital y difundido en la intranet. El NRS 2002 se incluyó en el programa de prescripción de dietas para su realización por parte del personal de enfermería de las unidades de hospitalización y como sistema de comunicación directo con la Unidad de Nutrición. Se diseñaron 3 fases para la implantación: fase de pilotaje, fase de implantación y fase de consolidación. Resultados: En la fase de pilotaje se implantó el NRS 2002 en 2 unidades de hospitalización para monitorizar el software. La fase de implantación se realizó en las mismas unidades y se verificaron todos los protocolos de actuación relacionados con el mismo. La fase de consolidación consistió en ir ampliando sucesivamente las unidades de hospitalización con el protocolo implantado. Conclusiones: La implantación de un cribado nutricional al ingreso hospitalario es un proceso largo y complejo, con la implicación de muchos estamentos. El programa informático ha posibilitado que la realización del mismo sea rápido, sencillo y automatizado, y que el resultado del cribado llegue inmediatamente al personal de enfermería de la unidad de Nutrición y se activen los protocolos de actuación de la misma


Introduction: Prevalence of disease-related malnutrition in hospitals ranges from 20%-50%. Use of nutritional screening tools should be the first step in the prevention and treatment of patients at risk of malnutrition and/or undernourished. Aims: To implement a nutritional screening tool at admission to a tertiary hospital. Methods: The nutrition unit prepared a protocol for early detection of nutritional risk and selected the NRS 2002 as screening tool. The protocol was approved by the hospital committee of protocols and procedures and disseminated through the intranet. NRS 2002 was included in the diet prescription software to be implemented by the nursing staff of the hospital wards and as a direct communication system with the nutrition unit. Three phases were designed: pilot phase, implementation phase, and consolidation phase. Results: The pilot phase, NRS 2002 was implemented in 2 hospital units to monitor software. The implementation phase was carried out in the same units, and all action protocols related to it were verified. The consolidation phase consisted of sequential extension of the protocol to the other hospital units. Conclusions: Implementation of nutritional screening at hospital admission is a long and complex process that requires involvement of many stakeholders. Computer software has allowed for a rapid, simple, and automatic process, so that the results of the screening are immediately available to the nursing staff of the nutrition unit and activate the nutritional protocols when required


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Desnutrição/terapia , Diagnóstico Precoce , Hospitais Universitários , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Programas de Triagem Diagnóstica/normas , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Tempo de Internação
3.
Endocrinol. diabetes nutr. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(8): 472-479, oct. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184140

RESUMO

Antecedentes y objetivo: El tratamiento con antineoplásicos orales tipo inhibidores de tirosina quinasa (ITK) es novedoso, y por ello se conoce poco sobre cómo afectan al estado nutricional (EN), la ingesta dietética, la calidad de vida, y su influencia sobre la supervivencia. Este estudio pretende aportar información sobre estos componentes, para dirigir las recomendaciones nutricionales futuras. Pacientes y método: Estudio prospectivo y observacional en adultos que inician ITK, donde se valoró el EN mediante el cuestionario de valoración subjetiva global generada por el paciente (VSG-GP), medidas antropométricas, parámetros bioquímicos e ingesta dietética (Recuerdo de 24 h). La calidad de vida se estudió con EORTC QLQ-C30. El análisis estadístico empleó pruebas no paramétricas y la supervivencia se analizó mediante curvas de Kaplan-Meier y log-rank. Resultados: El 21,7% de la muestra presentó desnutrición moderada según VSG-GP; el 74,2% mostró pérdida de peso moderada a los 6 meses, aunque ningún paciente tuvo un IMC < 18,5 kg/m2. Los pacientes moderadamente desnutridos presentaron menor supervivencia a los 4 años del diagnóstico (log-rank = 0,015). El 44,4% realizó una ingesta energética inferior a las recomendaciones ESPEN 2017 y ningún paciente cubrió requerimientos proteicos (1,5 g proteína/kg peso) durante el seguimiento. Una peor puntuación en la escala global de salud del EORTC QLQ-C30 se relacionó con peor EN. Conclusiones: El tratamiento con ITK no parece afectar de manera importante el EN y la calidad de vida a los 6 meses de seguimiento. Se debe prevenir la desnutrición, mediante un consejo nutricional individualizado, pues se relaciona con menor supervivencia


Background and objective: Treatment with oral antineoplastic agents known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is new and, thus, little is known about their impact on nutritional status (NS), dietary intake, quality of life, and survival. The aim of this study was to provide information on these components in order to guide future nutritional recommendations. Patients and method: A prospective, observational study in adults who start treatment with TKIs, in whom NS was assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, and dietary intake (24-hour dietary recall). The EORTC QLQ-C30 was used to assess quality of life. Nonparametric tests were used in statistical analysis, and survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank curves. Results: Of the overall sample, 21.7% had moderate malnutrition according to PG-SGA, and 74.2% moderate weight loss at 6 months, but no patient had BMI < 18.5 kg/m2. Patients with moderate malnutrition had lower survival at four years of diagnosis (log-rank = 0.015). Energy intake was lower than recommended by the ESPEN 2017 congress, and no patient covered the protein requirements (1.5 g protein/kg weight) during follow-up. A worse score on the global health scale of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was related to worse NS. Conclusions: Treatment with TKIs does not appear to have a significant impact on NS and quality of life after 6 months of follow-up. Malnutrition should be prevented through individualized nutritional advice because it is related to shorter survival


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Sobrevivência , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Estado Nutricional , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Qualidade de Vida , Neoplasias/dietoterapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Antropometria , Dietoterapia , Dietética
4.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 66(8): 472-479, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31171456

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment with oral antineoplastic agents known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is new and, thus, little is known about their impact on nutritional status (NS), dietary intake, quality of life, and survival. The aim of this study was to provide information on these components in order to guide future nutritional recommendations. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A prospective, observational study in adults who start treatment with TKIs, in whom NS was assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, and dietary intake (24-hour dietary recall). The EORTC QLQ-C30 was used to assess quality of life. Nonparametric tests were used in statistical analysis, and survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank curves. RESULTS: Of the overall sample, 21.7% had moderate malnutrition according to PG-SGA, and 74.2% moderate weight loss at 6 months, but no patient had BMI<18.5kg/m2. Patients with moderate malnutrition had lower survival at four years of diagnosis (log-rank=0.015). Energy intake was lower than recommended by the ESPEN 2017 congress, and no patient covered the protein requirements (1.5g protein/kg weight) during follow-up. A worse score on the global health scale of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was related to worse NS. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with TKIs does not appear to have a significant impact on NS and quality of life after 6 months of follow-up. Malnutrition should be prevented through individualized nutritional advice because it is related to shorter survival.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Desnutrição/mortalidade , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/uso terapêutico , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Proteínas na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Desnutrição/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/sangue , Necessidades Nutricionais/efeitos dos fármacos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas
5.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 66(9): 555-562, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31085072

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Prevalence of disease-related malnutrition in hospitals ranges from 20%-50%. Use of nutritional screening tools should be the first step in the prevention and treatment of patients at risk of malnutrition and/or undernourished. AIMS: To implement a nutritional screening tool at admission to a tertiary hospital. METHODS: The nutrition unit prepared a protocol for early detection of nutritional risk and selected the NRS 2002 as screening tool. The protocol was approved by the hospital committee of protocols and procedures and disseminated through the intranet. NRS 2002 was included in the diet prescription software to be implemented by the nursing staff of the hospital wards and as a direct communication system with the nutrition unit. Three phases were designed: pilot phase, implementation phase, and consolidation phase. RESULTS: The pilot phase, NRS 2002 was implemented in 2hospital units to monitor software. The implementation phase was carried out in the same units, and all action protocols related to it were verified. The consolidation phase consisted of sequential extension of the protocol to the other hospital units. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of nutritional screening at hospital admission is a long and complex process that requires involvement of many stakeholders. Computer software has allowed for a rapid, simple, and automatic process, so that the results of the screening are immediately available to the nursing staff of the nutrition unit and activate the nutritional protocols when required.


Assuntos
Diagnóstico Precoce , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Avaliação Nutricional , Protocolos Clínicos , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Medicina Interna , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem no Hospital/estatística & dados numéricos , Projetos Piloto , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Medição de Risco , Design de Software , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Fatores de Tempo , Urologia
6.
Nutr Hosp ; 35(4): 761-766, 2018 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30070861

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are one of the most serious concerns in patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) which involve high morbidity and cost for the healthcare system. In the last years, taurolidine lock has proven to be beneficial in the prevention of CRBSI; however, the evidence of its efficiency is limited. OBJECTIVE: to determine if taurolidine lock is a cost-effective intervention in patients on HPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: retrospective study in patients on HPN with taurolidine lock. We compared the CRBSI rate and cost of its complications before and during taurolidine lock. RESULTS: thirteen patients, six (46%) males and seven (54%) females, with a mean age of 61.08 (SD = 14.18) years received taurolidine lock. The total days of catheterization pre and per-taurolidine were 12,186 and 5,293, respectively. The underlying disease was benign in five patients (38.5%) and malignant in eight (61.5%). The CRBSI rate pre vs per-taurolidine was 3.12 vs 0.76 episodes per 1,000 catheter days (p = 0.0058). When the indication was a high CRBSI rate, this was 9.72 vs 0.39 (p < 0.001) in pre and per-taurolidine period respectively. No differences have been observed in the occlusion rates. None of the patients reported any adverse effects. The total cost of CRBSI in the pre-taurolidine period was 151,264.14 euros vs 24,331.19 euros in the per-taurolidine period. CONCLUSIONS: our study shows that taurolidine lock is a cost-effective intervention in patients on HPN with high risk of CRBSI.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/economia , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/economia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/prevenção & controle , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/economia , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/métodos , Taurina/análogos & derivados , Tiadiazinas/economia , Tiadiazinas/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Anti-Infecciosos/efeitos adversos , Custos e Análise de Custo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taurina/efeitos adversos , Taurina/economia , Taurina/uso terapêutico , Tiadiazinas/efeitos adversos
7.
Nutr. hosp ; 35(4): 761-766, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-179865

RESUMO

Introduction: catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are one of the most serious concerns in patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) which involve high morbidity and cost for the healthcare system. In the last years, taurolidine lock has proven to be beneficial in the prevention of CRBSI; however, the evidence of its efficiency is limited. Objective: to determine if taurolidine lock is a cost-effective intervention in patients on HPN. Materials and methods: retrospective study in patients on HPN with taurolidine lock. We compared the CRBSI rate and cost of its complications before and during taurolidine lock. Results: thirteen patients, six (46%) males and seven (54%) females, with a mean age of 61.08 (SD = 14.18) years received taurolidine lock. The total days of catheterization pre and per-taurolidine were 12,186 and 5,293, respectively. The underlying disease was benign in five patients (38.5%) and malignant in eight (61.5%). The CRBSI rate pre vs per-taurolidine was 3.12 vs 0.76 episodes per 1,000 catheter days (p = 0.0058). When the indication was a high CRBSI rate, this was 9.72 vs 0.39 (p < 0.001) in pre and per-taurolidine period respectively. No differences have been observed in the occlusion rates. None of the patients reported any adverse effects. The total cost of CRBSI in the pre-taurolidine period was 151,264.14 euros vs 24,331.19 euros in the per-taurolidine period. Conclusions: our study shows that taurolidine lock is a cost-effective intervention in patients on HPN with high risk of CRBSI


Introducción: las infecciones asociadas al catéter (IAC) son una de las complicaciones más serias en pacientes con nutrición parenteral domiciliara (NPD), generando una alta morbilidad y costes sanitarios. En los últimos años, el sellado con taurolidina ha demostrado ser eficaz en su prevención, si bien la evidencia en cuanto a su eficiencia es escasa. Objetivo: determinar si el sellado del catéter con taurolidina es una intervención coste-efectiva en pacientes con NPD. Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con NPD que recibieron sellados con taurolidina. Comparamos la incidencia de IAC antes y durante el tratamiento y los costes asociados. Resultados: el estudio incluyó trece pacientes, seis (46%) varones y siete (54%) mujeres, con edad media de 61,08 (± 14,18) años y un seguimiento de 12.186 y 5.293 días antes y durante el uso de taurolidina. La enfermedad de base era benigna en cinco pacientes (38,5%) y maligna en ocho (61,5%). La tasa de IAC antes y durante el sellado con taurolidina fue de 3,12 vs. 0,76 episodios por 1.000/días de catéter (p = 0,0058). Cuando la indicación fue por alta tasa de IAC, esta fue de 9,72 vs. 0,39 (p < 0,001) episodios por 1.000/días de catéter antes y durante el tratamiento. No hubo diferencias en la tasa de oclusión del catéter en ambos periodos. No se reportaron efectos adversos. El coste total de las IAC antes y durante el uso de taurolidina fue de 151.264,14 euros vs. 24.331,19 euros


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Anti-Infecciosos/economia , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/economia , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/prevenção & controle , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/economia , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/métodos , Taurina/análogos & derivados , Tiadiazinas/economia , Tiadiazinas/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos/efeitos adversos , Custos e Análise de Custo , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taurina/efeitos adversos , Taurina/economia , Taurina/uso terapêutico , Tiadiazinas/efeitos adversos
8.
Endocrinol. diabetes nutr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(8): 409-416, oct. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-171803

RESUMO

Aim: To determine the impact of the type of hospital kitchen on the dietary intake of patients. Methods: A cross-sectional, two-centre study, of cooking in a traditional kitchen (TK) and in a chilled kitchen (CK). Subjective global assessment (SGA) was used for nutritional diagnosis. Before study start, a dietician performed a nutritional assessment of the menus of each hospital. All dishes were weighed upon arrival to the ward and at the end of the meal. Results: 201 and 41 patients from the centres with TK and CK respectively were evaluated. Prevalence of malnutrition risk was 50.2% at the hospital with TK and 48.8% at the hospital with CK (p=0.328). Forty-eight and 56 dishes were nutritionally evaluated at the hospitals with TK and CK respectively. Intake analysis consisted of 1993 and 846 evaluations in the hospitals with TK and CK respectively. Median food consumption was 76.83% at the hospital with TK (IQR 45.76%) and 83.43% (IQR 40.49%) at the hospital with CK (p<0.001). Based on the prevalence of malnutrition, a higher protein and energy intake was seen in malnourished patients from the CK as compared to the TK hospital, but differences were not significant after adjustment for other factors. Conclusions: Cooking in a chilled kitchen, as compared to a traditional kitchen, may increase energy and protein intake in hospitalized patients, which is particularly beneficial for malnourished patients (AU)


Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la organización de la cocina hospitalaria en la ingesta dietética del paciente hospitalizado. Metodología: Estudio transversal, realizado en dos centros hospitalarios, uno con cocina tradicional (CT) y otro con cocina en línea fría (CLF). La valoración subjetiva global fue empleada para el diagnóstico nutricional. Una dietista-nutricionista realizó una calibración nutricional de los platos y los menús de cada hospital antes de empezar el estudio. La técnica de valoración de la ingesta fue la pesada de alimentos antes y después de la ingesta, siempre en presencia del paciente. Resultados: Fueron reclutados 201 pacientes del centro con CT y 41 del CLF. La prevalencia de riesgo de desnutrición fue del 50,2% en el CT y de 48,8% en el CLF (p=0,328). En el CT fueron valorados nutricionalmente 48 platos y 56 del CLF. Respecto al análisis de la ingesta, se realizaron 1.993 registros en el centro CT y 846 en el centro CLF. La mediana de ingesta en el CT fue de 76,83% (RIC 45,76%) y 83,43% (RIC 40,49%) en el CLF (p<0,001). Teniendo en cuenta la prevalencia de malnutrición, se observó una mayor ingesta proteica y energética en pacientes malnutridos en el CLF en comparación con el CT, aunque estas diferencias no fueron significativas tras ajustarlas a diferentes factores de confusión. Conclusiones: Cocinar en una cocina en línea fría podría mejorar la ingesta calórica y proteica del paciente hospitalizado, especialmente en pacientes malnutridos (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Culinária/normas , Desnutrição/dietoterapia , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Pacientes/estatística & dados numéricos , Administração Hospitalar/métodos , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Suplementos Nutricionais , Apoio Nutricional/métodos
9.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr ; 64(8): 409-416, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28895536

RESUMO

AIM: To determine the impact of the type of hospital kitchen on the dietary intake of patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional, two-centre study, of cooking in a traditional kitchen (TK) and in a chilled kitchen (CK). Subjective global assessment (SGA) was used for nutritional diagnosis. Before study start, a dietician performed a nutritional assessment of the menus of each hospital. All dishes were weighed upon arrival to the ward and at the end of the meal. RESULTS: 201 and 41 patients from the centres with TK and CK respectively were evaluated. Prevalence of malnutrition risk was 50.2% at the hospital with TK and 48.8% at the hospital with CK (p=0.328). Forty-eight and 56 dishes were nutritionally evaluated at the hospitals with TK and CK respectively. Intake analysis consisted of 1993 and 846 evaluations in the hospitals with TK and CK respectively. Median food consumption was 76.83% at the hospital with TK (IQR 45.76%) and 83.43% (IQR 40.49%) at the hospital with CK (p<0.001). Based on the prevalence of malnutrition, a higher protein and energy intake was seen in malnourished patients from the CK as compared to the TK hospital, but differences were not significant after adjustment for other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Cooking in a chilled kitchen, as compared to a traditional kitchen, may increase energy and protein intake in hospitalized patients, which is particularly beneficial for malnourished patients.


Assuntos
Ingestão de Alimentos , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Desnutrição/psicologia , Idoso , Apetite , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Proteínas na Dieta , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Avaliação Nutricional , Refrigeração , Temperatura
10.
Nutr Hosp ; 33(4): 387, 2016 Jul 19.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27571662

RESUMO

Introducción: la esofagitis eosinofílica (EEo) es una enfermedad inmunoalérgica crónica emergente en adultos. Surge como respuesta disfuncional frente a los antígenos de los alimentos y se caracteriza por síntomas recurrentes de disfunción esofágica e inflamación. El tratamiento farmacológico y dietético se basa en su patogénesis y debe ser individualizado. Uno de los posibles abordajes dietéticos se basa en la eliminación empírica de alimentos que con mayor frecuencia causan EEo.Objetivo: evaluar la ingesta dietética de los pacientes con EEo que siguen la dieta de exclusión de los seis grupos de alimentos (DESGA) y conocer sus posibles carencias nutricionales.Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo en un grupo de pacientes con EEo que inició tratamiento con DESGA durante el periodo de marzo de 2013 hasta marzo de 2015. Se evaluó la ingesta mediante registro de 72 horas. Se compararon los resultados con las referencias para población adulta sana española (23). Para el análisis estadístico se usaron los test de Mann-Whitney, Krhuskall-Wallis y Chi-cuadrado. Significación p < 0,05.Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 14 pacientes. En algunos de ellos, la ingesta dietética siguiendo DESGA fue deficitaria en energía, proteínas y fibra. Tampoco consiguieron cubrir las ingestas de micronutrientes de calcio, zinc, magnesio, ácido fólico, niacina y vitaminas B2 y D, teniendo en cuenta edad y sexo, el 60% de la muestra.Conclusiones: el abordaje terapéutico mediante DESGA, teniendo en cuenta las características de la dieta, debe acompañarse de una evaluación periódica del estado nutricional, que incluya micronutrientes y una pauta de suplementación específica.


Assuntos
Esofagite Eosinofílica/dietoterapia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Ingestão de Alimentos , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Padrões de Referência
11.
Nutr. hosp ; 33(4): 879-886, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-154914

RESUMO

Introducción: la esofagitis eosinofílica (EEo) es una enfermedad inmunoalérgica crónica emergente en adultos. Surge como respuesta disfuncional frente a los antígenos de los alimentos y se caracteriza por síntomas recurrentes de disfunción esofágica e inflamación. El tratamiento farmacológico y dietético se basa en su patogénesis y debe ser individualizado. Uno de los posibles abordajes dietéticos se basa en la eliminación empírica de alimentos que con mayor frecuencia causan EEo. Objetivo: evaluar la ingesta dietética de los pacientes con EEo que siguen la dieta de exclusión de los seis grupos de alimentos (DESGA) y conocer sus posibles carencias nutricionales. Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo en un grupo de pacientes con EEo que inició tratamiento con DESGA durante el periodo de marzo del 2013 hasta marzo del 2015. Se evaluó la ingesta mediante registro de 72 h. Se compararon los resultados con las referencias para población adulta sana española Moreiras, 2013. Para el análisis estadístico se usaron los test de Mann-Whitney, Krhuskall-Wallis y chi cuadrado. Signifi cación p < 0,05. Resultados: se incluyeron en el estudio 14 pacientes. En algunos de ellos, la ingesta dietética siguiendo DESGA fue deficitaria en energía, proteínas y fibra. Tampoco consiguieron cubrir las ingestas de micronutrientes de calcio, zinc, magnesio, ácido fólico, niacina y vitaminas B2 y D, teniendo en cuenta edad y sexo, el 60% de la muestra. Conclusiones: el abordaje terapéutico mediante DESGA, teniendo en cuenta las características de la dieta, debe acompañarse de una evaluación periódica del estado nutricional, que incluya micronutrientes y una pauta de suplementación específica (AU)


Introduction: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emerging chronic immune/antigen mediated inflammatory disease in adults. It develops as a dysfunctional response to food antigens and is characterized by recurrent symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and inflammation. Drug and dietary treatment are based on its pathogenesis and should be individualized. One of the possible dietary approaches is based on empirical elimination of foods which most commonly cause EoE. Objective: To evaluate dietary intake of patients who follow the diet consisting of the exclusion of six food groups (DESGA) and to know its potential nutritional deficiencies. Methods: Cross-sectional study of patients who started treatment with DESGA diet between March 2013 and March 2015. A 72 h dietary record was completed. The results were compared with the references for the Spanish healthy adult population Moreiras, 2013. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The study included 14 patients. For some of them, the DESGA diet was defi cient inenergy, protein and fiber. Taking into account age and sex, sixty percent of the sample did not get adequate amount of calcium, zinc, magnesium, folic acid, niacin, vitamin B2 and vitamin D. Conclusions: Considering the characteristics of the DESGA diet, this therapeutic approach must be accompanied by a periodic assessment of nutritional status, including micronutrients and a pattern of specific supplementation (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Dietética/métodos , Dietética/normas , Recomendações Nutricionais/tendências , Esofagite Eosinofílica/complicações , Esofagite Eosinofílica/dietoterapia , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Dieta/classificação , Dieta , Alimentos/classificação , Alimentos , Micronutrientes/uso terapêutico , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Índice de Massa Corporal
12.
Nutr. hosp ; 32(3): 1200-1207, sept. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-142486

RESUMO

Introducción: la investigación sobre nuevos antineoplásicos orales sigue avanzando en los últimos años mientras que su repercusión sobre la ingesta dietética y el estado nutricional (EN) no progresa de la misma forma. Objetivos: evaluar la ingesta dietética y EN de pacientes que inician tratamiento con inhibidores tirosina quinasa (ITK) y valorar el impacto que tienen sobre ellos. Métodos: estudio observacional y prospectivo de seis meses en el que se incluyeron pacientes que iniciaban tratamiento con ITK. La ingesta se evaluó con: recuerdo 24 h y cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. El EN se valoró con: medidas antropométricas y cuestionario de valoración subjetiva global generada por el paciente (VSGGP); los resultados se compararon con las referencias SENC-semFYC, 2007 y Moreiras O., 2013. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron: Test de Friedman, χ2, Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis y Mann-Whitney. Significación p< 0,05. Resultados: se incluyeron 22 pacientes (54,5% hombres). Al inicio del tratamiento, el 73,9% tenía un EN adecuado según VSG-GP. No se produjeron pérdidas de peso significativas, pese a que un porcentaje elevado no cubrió los requerimientos energéticos y proteicos. El número de comidas se relacionó positivamente con la ingesta calórica. La ingesta y los patrones de frecuencia de consumo por grupos de alimentos tampoco variaron durante el tratamiento. Conclusión: la ingesta dietética al inicio del tratamiento no alcanza los requerimientos nutricionales. Los ITK no parecen afectar la ingesta ni el estado nutricional de los pacientes. El estudio de estos parámetros antes de comenzar el tratamiento evitaría futuras complicaciones y guiaría el consejo dietético (AU)


Background: in recent years, researching about new oral antineoplastics has progressed while its impact on dietary intake and nutritional status (NS) hasn’t developed enough yet. Objectives: dietary intake and NS assessment in patients who start treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and evaluate its impact on them. Methods: an observational, prospective-six-months study, in which were included patients starting treatment with TKI. The intake was evaluated by a 24 h dietary record and a food frequency questionnaire. The NS was evaluated by anthropometric measurements and the patient-generated Global Subjective Assessment (PG-GSA); the results were compared with the Spanish references (SENC-semFYC, 2007 and O. Moreiras, 2013). Friedman test, χ2, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were used in the statistical analysis. Significance p< 0.05. Results: 22 patients (54.5% male) were included. At baseline, NS was adequate in 73.9% of patients according PG-GSA. Weight loss was no significant, although a high percentage of the energy and protein requirements hadn´t been reached. The caloric intake was positively related with the number of meals. Dietary habits did not change during treatment. Conclusion: dietary intake did not reach nutritional requirements at baseline. The TKI don´t seem to affect the patient´s intake and nutritional status. The research about these parameters before starting treatment could prevent future complications and it would guide the dietary advice (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Comportamento Alimentar , Comportamento Alimentar , Ingestão de Alimentos , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Necessidades Nutricionais
13.
Nutr. hosp ; 32(3): 1386-1392, sept. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-142511

RESUMO

Introducción: la implantación de sistemas de gestión de calidad (SGC) en el sector sanitario ha presentado un gran avance en los últimos años, siendo una herramienta clave para la gestión y la mejora de los servicios ofrecidos a los pacientes. Objetivo: describir el proceso de implantación de un SGC según la Norma ISO 9001:2008 en una unidad de nutrición. Material y métodos: el proceso comenzó en octubre de 2012. Se contó con la asesoría del servicio de medicina preventiva y gestión de calidad (MPGC) del hospital. Al inicio se realizaron sesiones formativas sobre SGC y normas ISO para el personal. Se instauró un comité de calidad (CC) con representación del personal facultativo y de enfermería. Semanalmente, se reunían los miembros del CC y del servicio de MPGC para definir los procesos, los procedimientos y los indicadores de calidad. Antes de validarlos se probaron durante dos meses. Resultados: se identificaron y documentaron un total de 4 procesos (Valoración del estado nutricional, Indicación de tratamiento nutricional, Seguimiento del tratamiento nutricional y Planificación y control de la alimentación oral) y 13 procedimientos operativos donde quedó recogida toda la actividad de la unidad. Las interacciones entre ellos quedaron definidas en el mapa de procesos. En cada uno de los procesos se identificaron indicadores de calidad para medir el estado del SGC y detectar oportunidades de mejora. Se desarrollaron todos los documentos asociados a requerimientos de la Norma ISO 9001:2008: política de calidad, objetivos de calidad, manual de calidad, procedimiento de control de la documentación y registros, de auditoría interna, de no conformidad y de acciones correctivas y preventivas. La unidad obtuvo la certificación de AENOR en abril de 2013. Conclusiones: la implantación de un SGC supone hacer una reflexión sobre las actividades que realiza la unidad con el objetivo de satisfacer las expectativas de los usuarios que demandan nuestros servicios. Documentar dichas actividades asegura un mejor entendimiento de la organización, define las responsabilidades de todo el personal y provoca una mejor gestión del tiempo y los recursos. También mejora la comunicación interna y supone un elemento motivador. Explorar la satisfacción y expectativas de los pacientes permite incluir su punto de vista en el diseño de los procesos asistenciales (AU)


Introduction: the implementation of quality management systems (QMS) in the health sector has made great progress in recent years, remains a key tool for the management and improvement of services provides to patients. Aim: to describe the process of implementing a quality management system (QMS) according to the standard ISO 9001:2008 in a Nutrition Unit. Methods: the implementation began in October 2012. Nutrition Unit was supported by Hospital Preventive Medicine and Quality Management Service (PMQM). Initially training sessions on QMS and ISO standards for staff were held. Quality Committee (QC) was established with representation of the medical and nursing staff. Every week, meeting took place among members of the QC and PMQM to define processes, procedures and quality indicators. We carry on a 2 months follow-up of these documents after their validation. Results: a total of 4 processes were identified and documented (Nutritional status assessment, Nutritional treatment, Monitoring of nutritional treatment and Planning and control of oral feeding) and 13 operating procedures in which all the activity of the Unit were described. The interactions among them were defined in the processes map. Each process has associated specific quality indicators for measuring the state of the QMS, and identifying opportunities for improvement. All the documents associated with requirements of ISO 9001:2008 were developed: quality policy, quality objectives, quality manual, documents and records control, internal audit, nonconformities and corrective and preventive actions. The unit was certified by AENOR in April 2013. Conclusion: the implementation of a QMS causes a reorganization of the activities of the Unit in order to meet customer’s expectations. Documenting these activities ensures a better understanding of the organization, defines the responsibilities of all staff and brings a better management of time and resources. QMS also improves the internal communication and is a motivational element. Explore the satisfaction and expectations of patients can include their view in the design of care processes (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Terapia Nutricional/normas , Serviço Hospitalar de Nutrição/organização & administração , Distúrbios Nutricionais/terapia , 34002 , /normas , 51706
14.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(3): 1200-7, 2015 Sep 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26319839

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: in recent years, researching about new oral antineoplastics has progressed while its impact on dietary intake and nutritional status (NS) hasn't developed enough yet. OBJECTIVES: dietary intake and NS assessment in patients who start treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and evaluate its impact on them. METHODS: an observational, prospective-six-months study, in which were included patients starting treatment with TKI. The intake was evaluated by a 24 h dietary record and a food frequency questionnaire. The NS was evaluated by anthropometric measurements and the patient-generated Global Subjective Assessment (PG-GSA); the results were compared with the Spanish references (SENC-semFYC, 2007 and O. Moreiras, 2013). Friedman test, χ2, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were used in the statistical analysis. Significance p < 0.05. RESULTS: 22 patients (54.5% male) were included. At baseline, NS was adequate in 73.9% of patients according PG-GSA. Weight loss was no significant, although a high percentage of the energy and protein requirements hadn't been reached. The caloric intake was positively related with the number of meals. Dietary habits did not change during treatment. CONCLUSION: dietary intake did not reach nutritional requirements at baseline. The TKI don't seem to affect the patient's intake and nutritional status. The research about these parameters before starting treatment could prevent future complications and it would guide the dietary advice.


Introducción: la investigación sobre nuevos antineoplásicos orales sigue avanzando en los últimos años mientras que su repercusión sobre la ingesta dietética y el estado nutricional (EN) no progresa de la misma forma. Objetivos: evaluar la ingesta dietética y EN de pacientes que inician tratamiento con inhibidores tirosina quinasa (ITK) y valorar el impacto que tienen sobre ellos. Métodos: estudio observacional y prospectivo de seis meses en el que se incluyeron pacientes que iniciaban tratamiento con ITK. La ingesta se evaluó con: recuerdo 24 h y cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. El EN se valoró con: medidas antropométricas y cuestionario de valoración subjetiva global generada por el paciente (VSGGP); los resultados se compararon con las referencias SENC-semFYC, 2007 y Moreiras O., 2013. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron: Test de Friedman, 2, Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis y Mann-Whitney. Significación p < 0,05. Resultados: se incluyeron 22 pacientes (54,5% hombres). Al inicio del tratamiento, el 73,9% tenía un EN adecuado según VSG-GP. No se produjeron pérdidas de peso significativas, pese a que un porcentaje elevado no cubrió los requerimientos energéticos y proteicos. El número de comidas se relacionó positivamente con la ingesta calórica. La ingesta y los patrones de frecuencia de consumo por grupos de alimentos tampoco variaron durante el tratamiento. Conclusión: la ingesta dietética al inicio del tratamiento no alcanza los requerimientos nutricionales. Los ITK no parecen afectar la ingesta ni el estado nutricional de los pacientes. El estudio de estos parámetros antes de comenzar el tratamiento evitaría futuras complicaciones y guiaría el consejo dietético.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Dieta , Ingestão de Energia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estado Nutricional , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Pesos e Medidas Corporais , Registros de Dieta , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Necessidades Nutricionais
15.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(3): 1386-92, 2015 Sep 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26319864

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: the implementation of quality management systems (QMS) in the health sector has made great progress in recent years, remains a key tool for the management and improvement of services provides to patients. AIM: to describe the process of implementing a quality management system (QMS) according to the standard ISO 9001:2008 in a Nutrition Unit. METHODS: the implementation began in October 2012. Nutrition Unit was supported by Hospital Preventive Medicine and Quality Management Service (PMQM). Initially training sessions on QMS and ISO standards for staff were held. Quality Committee (QC) was established with representation of the medical and nursing staff. Every week, meeting took place among members of the QC and PMQM to define processes, procedures and quality indicators. We carry on a 2 months follow-up of these documents after their validation. RESULTS: a total of 4 processes were identified and documented (Nutritional status assessment, Nutritional treatment, Monitoring of nutritional treatment and Planning and control of oral feeding) and 13 operating procedures in which all the activity of the Unit were described. The interactions among them were defined in the processes map. Each process has associated specific quality indicators for measuring the state of the QMS, and identifying opportunities for improvement. All the documents associated with requirements of ISO 9001:2008 were developed: quality policy, quality objectives, quality manual, documents and records control, internal audit, nonconformities and corrective and preventive actions. The unit was certified by AENOR in April 2013. CONCLUSION: the implementation of a QMS causes a reorganization of the activities of the Unit in order to meet customer's expectations. Documenting these activities ensures a better understanding of the organization, defines the responsibilities of all staff and brings a better management of time and resources. QMS also improves the internal communication and is a motivational element. Explore the satisfaction and expectations of patients can include their view in the design of care processes.


Introducción: la implantación de sistemas de gestión de calidad (SGC) en el sector sanitario ha presentado un gran avance en los últimos años, siendo una herramienta clave para la gestión y la mejora de los servicios ofrecidos a los pacientes. Objetivo: describir el proceso de implantación de un SGC según la Norma ISO 9001:2008 en una unidad de nutrición. Material y métodos: el proceso comenzó en octubre de 2012. Se contó con la asesoría del servicio de medicina preventiva y gestión de calidad (MPGC) del hospital. Al inicio se realizaron sesiones formativas sobre SGC y normas ISO para el personal. Se instauró un comité de calidad (CC) con representación del personal facultativo y de enfermería. Semanalmente, se reunían los miembros del CC y del servicio de MPGC para definir los procesos, los procedimientos y los indicadores de calidad. Antes de validarlos se probaron durante dos meses. Resultados: se identificaron y documentaron un total de 4 procesos (Valoración del estado nutricional, Indicación de tratamiento nutricional, Seguimiento del tratamiento nutricional y Planificación y control de la alimentación oral) y 13 procedimientos operativos donde quedó recogida toda la actividad de la unidad. Las interacciones entre ellos quedaron definidas en el mapa de procesos. En cada uno de los procesos se identificaron indicadores de calidad para medir el estado del SGC y detectar oportunidades de mejora. Se desarrollaron todos los documentos asociados a requerimientos de la Norma ISO 9001:2008: política de calidad, objetivos de calidad, manual de calidad, procedimiento de control de la documentación y registros, de auditoría interna, de no conformidad y de acciones correctivas y preventivas. La unidad obtuvo la certificación de AENOR en abril de 2013. Conclusiones: la implantación de un SGC supone hacer una reflexión sobre las actividades que realiza la unidad con el objetivo de satisfacer las expectativas de los usuarios que demandan nuestros servicios. Documentar dichas actividades asegura un mejor entendimiento de la organización, define las responsabilidades de todo el personal y provoca una mejor gestión del tiempo y los recursos. También mejora la comunicación interna y supone un elemento motivador. Explorar la satisfacción y expectativas de los pacientes permite incluir su punto de vista en el diseño de los procesos asistenciales.


Assuntos
Terapia Nutricional/normas , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde , Departamentos Hospitalares , Humanos , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/métodos , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração
16.
Nutrition ; 31(1): 58-63, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25441588

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Hypoglycemia is a common problem among hospitalized patients. Treatment of hyperglycemia with insulin is potentially associated with an increased risk for hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of hypoglycemia (capillary blood glucose <70 mg/dL) in hospitalized patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS: This prospective multicenter study involved 19 Spanish hospitals. Noncritically ill adults who were prescribed TPN were included, thus enabling us to collect data on capillary blood glucose and insulin dosage. RESULTS: The study included 605 patients of whom 6.8% (n = 41) had at least one capillary blood glucose <70 mg/dL and 2.6% (n = 16) had symptomatic hypoglycemia. The total number of hypoglycemic episodes per 100 d of TPN was 0.82. In univariate analysis, hypoglycemia was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes, a lower body mass index (BMI), and treatment with intravenous (IV) insulin. Patients with hypoglycemia also had a significantly longer hospital length of stay, PN duration, higher blood glucose variability, and a higher insulin dose. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a lower BMI, high blood glucose variability, and TPN duration were risk factors for hypoglycemia. Use of IV insulin and blood glucose variability were predictors of symptomatic hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of hypoglycemia in noncritically ill patients receiving PN is low. A lower BMI and a greater blood glucose variability and TPN duration are factors associated with the risk for hypoglycemia. IV insulin and glucose variability were predictors of symptomatic hypoglycemia.


Assuntos
Hipoglicemia/epidemiologia , Nutrição Parenteral Total/efeitos adversos , Administração Intravenosa , Idoso , Glicemia/metabolismo , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estado Terminal , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Hipoglicemia/etiologia , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Insulina/efeitos adversos , Tempo de Internação , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia
17.
Clin Nutr ; 34(5): 962-7, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25466952

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in hospitalized patients is associated with an increased risk of death, in both the short and the long term. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine which nutrition-related risk index predicts long-term mortality better (three years) in patients who receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN). METHODS: This prospective, multicenter study involved noncritically ill patients who were prescribed TPN during hospitalization. Data were collected on Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), body mass index, albumin and prealbumin, as well as long-term mortality. RESULTS: Over the 1- and 3-year follow-up periods, 174 and 244 study subjects (28.8% and 40.3%) respectively, died. Based on the Cox proportional hazards survival model, the nutrition-related risk indexes most strongly associated with mortality were SGA and albumin (<2.5 g/dL) (after adjustment for age, gender, C-reactive protein levels, prior comorbidity, mean capillary blood glucose during TPN infusion, diabetes status prior to TPN, diagnosis, and infectious complications during hospitalization). CONCLUSIONS: The SGA and very low albumin levels are simple tools that predict the risk of long-term mortality better than other tools in noncritically ill patients who receive TPN during hospitalization.


Assuntos
Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Nutrição Parenteral Total , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/metabolismo , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Comorbidade , Estado Terminal , Ingestão de Energia , Seguimentos , Avaliação Geriátrica , Hospitalização , Humanos , Pacientes Internados , Tempo de Internação , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
18.
Endocr Pract ; 21(1): 59-67, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25148810

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients who receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is not well known. These disorders can affect the treatment, metabolic control, and prognosis of affected patients. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence in noncritically ill patients on TPN of diabetes, prediabetes, and stress hyperglycemia; the factors affecting hyperglycemia during TPN; and the insulin therapy provided and the metabolic control achieved. METHODS: We undertook a prospective multicenter study involving 19 Spanish hospitals. Noncritically ill patients who were prescribed TPN were included, and data were collected on demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables (glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein [CRP], capillary blood glucose) as well as insulin treatment. RESULTS: The study included 605 patients. Before initiation of TPN, the prevalence of known diabetes was 17.4%, unknown diabetes 4.3%, stress hyperglycemia 7.1%, and prediabetes 27.8%. During TPN therapy, 50.9% of patients had at least one capillary blood glucose of >180 mg/dL. Predisposing factors were age, levels of CRP and glycated hemoglobin, the presence of diabetes, infectious complications, the number of grams of carbohydrates infused, and the administration of glucose-elevating drugs. Most (71.6%) patients were treated with insulin. The mean capillary blood glucose levels during TPN were: known diabetes (178.6 ± 46.5 mg/dL), unknown diabetes (173.9 ± 51.9), prediabetes (136.0 ± 25.4), stress hyperglycemia (146.0 ± 29.3), and normal (123.2 ± 19.9) (P<.001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders is very high in noncritically ill patients on TPN. These disorders affect insulin treatment and the degree of metabolic control achieved.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Hiperglicemia/epidemiologia , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Nutrição Parenteral Total/efeitos adversos , Estado Pré-Diabético/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/análise , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estado Pré-Diabético/metabolismo , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos
19.
Nutr Hosp ; 30(5): 1092-100, 2014 Nov 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25365013

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The consumption of oral antineoplastics -and more particularly of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKI)- has increased in recent years. These therapies show a better tolerance but still, the nutritional alterations related to their daily and chronic clinical use are under investigation. This study assesses the effects of TKI on the intake, nutritional status and micronutrients as well as the patients quality of life. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted including adult patients having started some TKI treatment from July 2012 to June 2013, and a 6 month follow-up period was established. Demographic pharmacotherapeutic, nutritional and biochemical variables were collected and also a EORTC-QLQ30 questionnaire at baseline, first, third and sixth month of treatment. RESULTS: 31 patients were included in the study. The percentage of weight loss at treatment baseline was statistically matched to the results on the patient-generated Global Subjective Assessment. Appetite decreased after one month of treatment, and so did the calorie consumption; 62.1% of the patients lost weight, 55.5% on the third month and 70.6% on the sixth month. 6-17% of the patients suffered from malnutrition to some degree during the follow-up period and a decrease of calcium, phosphate and magnesium plasma levels was detected. The emotional scale was the one with a lowest score in EORTC QLQ-30, and fatigue and lack of appetite were the most common symptoms at treatment baseline, progressively increasing those of nausea, vomits and diarrhea. DISCUSSION: Patients treated with TKI did not show a relevant malnutrition. Considering the results, it is important to take into account weight loss at treatment baseline; it is also important to control calcium and phosphate levels during treatment, to advise and counsel the patient on the GI effects (nausea, vomits and diarrhea) and emotionally reinforce the patient.


Introducción y objetivo: El consumo de antineoplásicos orales y concretamente de inhibidores tirosin kinasa (ITK) se ha incrementado en los últimos años. Son terapias mejor toleradas y, sin embargo, las alteraciones nutricionales relativas a su uso clínico diario y crónico están aún en estudio. El presente estudio valora la repercusión de los ITK sobre la ingesta, estado nutricional y micronutrientes y valora la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y longitudinal en el que se incluyeron aquellos pacientes adultos que iniciaron tratamiento con algún ITK de julio 2012 a junio 2013 con un periodo de seguimiento de 6 meses. Se recogieron variables demográficas, farmacoterapéuticas, nutricionales, bioquímicas y el cuestionario EORTC-QLQ30 al inicio, primer, tercer y sexto mes de tratamiento. Resultados: Se incluyeron 31 pacientes. El porcentaje de pérdida de peso al inicio del tratamiento se relacionó estadísticamente con la clasificación de la Valoración Subjetiva Global-generada por el paciente. Tras un mes de tratamiento descendió el apetito, las calorías consumidas y un 62,1% de los pacientes perdió peso, 55,5% al tercer mes y 70,6% al sexto mes. Entre un 6-17% de los pacientes sufría algún grado de desnutrición durante el seguimiento y se detectó una disminución de los niveles plasmáticos de calcio, fosfato y magnesio. En el EORTC QLQ-30, la escala emocional fue la peor puntuada y los síntomas más comunes al inicio de tratamiento fueron la fatiga y pérdida de apetito, aumentando progresivamente las náuseas, vómitos y la diarrea. Discusión: Los pacientes tratados con ITK no presentaron una desnutrición importante. A la vista de los resultados es importante valorar la pérdida de peso al inicio de tratamiento, monitorizar los niveles de calcio y el fosfato durante el tratamiento, aconsejar y prevenir al paciente sobre los efectos gastrointestinales (náuseas, vómitos y diarrea) y reforzar emocionalmente al paciente.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/psicologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Estudos Prospectivos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/efeitos adversos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Redução de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos
20.
Nutr Hosp ; 30(2): 359-65, 2014 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25208791

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) was introduced in Spain in the late 1980s. Our hospital was a pioneering medical centre in this field. AIM: Analyze outcomes of our HPN program. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients receiving HPN between 1986-2012. Study variables are expressed as frequency, mean ± SD (range), median [interquartile range]. Parametrics, non-parametrics test and survival analysis (p < 0.05) were applied. RESULTS: 91 patients (55 females and 36 males, mean age: 50.6 ± 5 yrs.) who received HPN for an accrual period of 55,470 days (median: 211 days [range: 63-573]) were included. The most prevalent underlying condition was cancer (49.5%), with the commonest HPN indication being short bowel syndrome (41.1%). The most frequently used catheter type was the tunneled catheter (70.7%). The complication rate was 3.58/1,000 HPN days (2.68, infection; 0.07, occlusion; 0.07 thrombosis; and 0.59, metabolic complications). Complications were consistently associated with both the underlying condition and HPN length. Infections were most frequent within the first 1,000 days of HPN. Liver disease incidence was related to HPN duration. HPN could be discontinued in 42.3% of patients. Ten-year survival rate was 42%, and varied across the underlying conditions. CONCLUSIONS: In the present series, the commonest reason for HPN was cancer. Our complication rate is in keeping with that reported in the literature. The overall survival rate was 42%, and varied across the underlying conditions.


Introducción: La nutrición parenteral domiciliaria (NPD) se introdujo en España a finales de 1980. Nuestro hospital fue pionero en este campo. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados de nuestro programa de NPD. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes que recibieron NPD entre 1986-2012. Las variables se expresan como frecuencias, media ± DE (rango), mediana [intervalo intercuartílico]. Se aplicaron pruebas paramétricas, no paramétricas y análisis de la supervivencia (p < 0,05). Resultados: 91 pacientes (55 mujeres, edad media: 50,6 ± 5 años). La duración total del tratamiento con NPD fue de 55.470 días (mediana: 211 días [rango: 63-573]). El diagnóstico principal y la indicación de NPD más frecuentes fueron el cáncer (49,5%) y el síndrome del intestino corto (41,1%). El tipo de catéter más utilizado fue el tunelizado (70,7%). La tasa de complicaciones totales fue de 3,58/1.000 días HPN (2,68 para infecciones; 0,07, oclusiones; 0,07 trombosis, y 0,59, complicaciones metabólicas) y se asoció al diagnóstico principal y la duración de la NPD. Las infecciones fueron más frecuentes en los primeros 1.000 días de NPD. La incidencia de hepatopatía se relacionó con la duración de este tratamiento. En el 42,3% de los pacientes se pudo suspender la NPD. La tasa de supervivencia global a los diez años fue del 42% con diferencias entre los diagnósticos principales. Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, la razón más común para la NPD fue el cáncer. Nuestra tasa de complicaciones esta acorde con la literatura. La tasa de supervivencia global fue del 42%.


Assuntos
Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitais Gerais , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
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